კონფერენცია

∘ Vano Shushtakashvili ∘
FAMILY MODERNIZATION PROBLEMS IN GEORGIA IN 1970-2002

Summary

At the modern stage the social-demographic modernization of the family is considered as the formation of new social-demographic values and norms of the behavior of the individual orientation in the system of public value forming in the family. Georgian society and family are unprepared to meet modern social and demographic modernization of the country as a whole, as well as others. In the 70s of the last century, sociologists and demographers in Europe have allocated four main characteristics of the modern family: 1. The widely disseminated joint legal life (unregistered marriages) and alternative forms of family; 2. Transition to the number of children individually oriented by the partner couples from the child modeling model;3. Transition to a familiar plan of childhood; 4. Transition from traditional family model to a democratic-pluralistic model. Some demographers were even thinking about the disappearance of the family institution in the future.

If we consider these signs in Georgia, the second and third sign of the social and economic behavior of the Georgian family followed.

The first and fourth sign, if we do not take into account the officially recognized crossing of the crown, are separate cases since 2000.

In comparison with other countries, in terms of fundamental (development objective patterns) factors, the local specific factors (the political and socio-economic transparency of the country, the loss of territorial integrity etc.). The fundamental factors in European countries are different in Georgia, by force of action, duration and social outcomes. There is no social-demographic and family policy in the country for the preparation of a transitional phase, and the country is unprepared for this process. Modernization of the family was more revolutionary till 2000, rather than evolutionary.

In comparison with the fundamental factors of the Georgian family (demographic, economic, spiritual and other) till 2000s, more influences have been made by specific factors since 2000 the strength of the fundamental factors has been more evident than the specifics.

If in developed countries are growing small families and the share of difficult families is decreasing, there is another tendency for Georgia. 1970-1989 the following key factors were acted on the family size: A)Significant growth of youth marriages, i.e. families in the initial phase of the demographic cycle; B) Further enhancement of nucleation; C) Reduction of birth and the spread of small families, the situation has changed since 1990.

In 1989-2002 the average number of family members has decreased from 4,1 to 3,5. If reduction was to be carried out as a result of separation of young families (nucleation), itwould be considered a positive, progressive event, but on the contrary, by 2002, the lone survivors were almost equal to 2 and 3 members families, and exceeded the families of 6 and more 2-3 times.

The number of complete and incomplete families are usually formed by marriage, divorce and mortality as a result of interaction of a long process, the comparison of shares the families of these two major groups allows to conclude that the family structure is affected by the death or divorce, which leads to the breakup of the couple's wedding and forming the incomplete families.Though it does not affect greatly.

The majority of all families are families with wedding couples, which is a positive phenomenon. The most prevalent type of family that was most common in our country is a simple or nutrient family consisting of couples or childless couples.

Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Paata Gugushvili Institute of Economics International Scientific C O N F E R E N C E S "ECONOMY – XXI CENTURY"

E ISSN 2587 - 4691	∘ Vano Shushtakashvili ∘ FAMILY MODERNIZATION PROBLEMS IN GEORGIA IN 1970-2002 Summary At the modern stage the social-demographic modernization of the family is considered as the formation of new social-demographic values and norms of the behavior of the individual orientation in the system of public value forming in the family. Georgian society and family are unprepared to meet modern social and demographic modernization of the country as a whole, as well as others. In the 70s of the last century, sociologists and demographers in Europe have allocated four main characteristics of the modern family: 1. The widely disseminated joint legal life (unregistered marriages) and alternative forms of family; 2. Transition to the number of children individually oriented by the partner couples from the child modeling model;3. Transition to a familiar plan of childhood; 4. Transition from traditional family model to a democratic-pluralistic model. Some demographers were even thinking about the disappearance of the family institution in the future. If we consider these signs in Georgia, the second and third sign of the social and economic behavior of the Georgian family followed. The first and fourth sign, if we do not take into account the officially recognized crossing of the crown, are separate cases since 2000. In comparison with other countries, in terms of fundamental (development objective patterns) factors, the local specific factors (the political and socio-economic transparency of the country, the loss of territorial integrity etc.). The fundamental factors in European countries are different in Georgia, by force of action, duration and social outcomes. There is no social-demographic and family policy in the country for the preparation of a transitional phase, and the country is unprepared for this process. Modernization of the family was more revolutionary till 2000, rather than evolutionary. In comparison with the fundamental factors of the Georgian family (demographic, economic, spiritual and other) till 2000s, more influences have been made by specific factors since 2000 the strength of the fundamental factors has been more evident than the specifics. If in developed countries are growing small families and the share of difficult families is decreasing, there is another tendency for Georgia. 1970-1989 the following key factors were acted on the family size: A)Significant growth of youth marriages, i.e. families in the initial phase of the demographic cycle; B) Further enhancement of nucleation; C) Reduction of birth and the spread of small families, the situation has changed since 1990. In 1989-2002 the average number of family members has decreased from 4,1 to 3,5. If reduction was to be carried out as a result of separation of young families (nucleation), itwould be considered a positive, progressive event, but on the contrary, by 2002, the lone survivors were almost equal to 2 and 3 members families, and exceeded the families of 6 and more 2-3 times. The number of complete and incomplete families are usually formed by marriage, divorce and mortality as a result of interaction of a long process, the comparison of shares the families of these two major groups allows to conclude that the family structure is affected by the death or divorce, which leads to the breakup of the couple's wedding and forming the incomplete families.Though it does not affect greatly. The majority of all families are families with wedding couples, which is a positive phenomenon. The most prevalent type of family that was most common in our country is a simple or nutrient family consisting of couples or childless couples.